Security Terminology

WDR - Wide Dynamic Range
Is intended to provide clear images even under back light circumstances where intensity of illumination can vary excessively, namely when there are both very bright and very dark areas simultaneously in the field of view of the camera. WDR enables the capture and display of both bright and dark areas in the same frame, in a way that there are details in both areas, i.e. bright areas are not saturated, and dark areas are not too dark.
 
DNR- Digital Noise Reduction
The process of removing noise from a signal.
All recording devices, both analogue or digital, have traits which make them susceptible to noise. Noise can be random or white noise with no coherence, or coherent noise introduced by the device's mechanism or processing algorithms.
 
OSD - On-Screen Display
An image superimposed on a screen picture, commonly used by modern television sets, VCRs, and DVD players to display information such as volume, channel, and time.
 
AGC - Automatic gain control
An adaptive system found in many electronic devices. The average output signal level is fed back to adjust the gain to an appropriate level for a range of input signal levels. For example, without AGC the sound emitted from an AM radio receiver would vary to an extreme extent from a weak to a strong signal; the AGC effectively reduces the volume if the signal is strong and raises it when it is weaker.
 
AWB - Auto white balance
With AWB, the camera attempts to determine the color temperature of the light and automatically adjust for that color temperature.
 
PAL - Phase Alternating Line
An analogue television colour encoding system used in broadcast television systems in many countries.
 
NTSC - National Television System Committee
the analog television system that is used in most of North America , most of South America (except Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and French Guiana), Burma, South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, the Philippines, and some Pacific island nations and territories (see map).
 
PTZ – Pan Tilt Zoom
A closed-circuit television camera with remote directional and zoom control.
 
 
CIF - Common Intermediate Format
a format used to standardize the horizontal and vertical resolutions in pixels of YCbCr sequences in video signals, commonly used in video teleconferencing systems. It was first proposed in the H.261 standard.
 
FSB - Front Side Bus
A computer communication interface (bus) often used in computers during the 1990s and 2000s. It typically carries data between the central processing unit (CPU) and a memory controller hub, known as the northbridge.
Depending on the implementation, some computers may also have a back-side bus that connects the CPU to the cache. This bus and the cache connected to it are faster than accessing the system memory (or RAM) via the front-side bus. The speed of the front side bus is often used as an important measure of the performance of a computer.
 
ADPCM - Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation
a variant of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) that varies the size of the quantization step, to allow further reduction of the required bandwidth for a given signal-to noise ratio.
 
HAD - Hole Accumulated Diode
a patented technique of the Sony Corporation to reduce electronic noise in a CCD or CMOS imaging sensor by reducing the so-called "dark" current that occur in the absence of light falling on the imager for noise reduction and enhanced image quality.
 
CCD - Charge-coupled device
A device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value.
 
TFT - Thin Film Transistor
a special kind of field-effect transistor made by depositing thin films of a semiconductor active layer as well as the dielectric layer and metallic contacts over a supporting substrate. A common substrate is glass, since the primary application of TFTs is in liquid crystal displays. This differs from the conventional transistor where the semiconductor material typically is the substrate, such as a silicon wafer.
 
CMOS - Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor
a technology for constructing integrated circuits. CMOS technology is used in microprocessors, microcontrollers, static Ram, and other digital logic circuits. CMOS technology is also used for several analog circuits such as image sensors( CMOS sensor), data converters, and highly integrated transceivers for many types of communication.